我國高等職業教育學位制度的立法探討

On Legislation of the Degree System of Higher Vocational Education

根據我國相關立法，雖然高等職業教育屬於高等教育的一種，但並不頒發學位證，而是另行一套“學歷證＋職業資格證＂的雙證制。雙證制本身的實施不暢與學位證的缺失，導致用人市場缺少對人才的完整評價標準，影響高職學生就業，帶來高職無學位之痛。隨著國家政策體現出發展高職教育的重視態度以及《中華人民共和國學位條例》的修改提上議程，目前正是改革高職雙證制、建立職業教育學位制度的良好契機。在各種可能的革新方案中，採取增發“職業學位＂模式，打造一種與現有普通學位並重的高等職業教育特色學位是當前最好的方案。這一職業學位體系是一個獨立於普通學位、具有多層次拓展的制度潛力、能夠與普通學位體系對等和互通的特色體系。應當利用《中華人民共和國學位條例》的修訂升格之契機將這一方案納入立法，明確賦予高職學院的學位授予權，並完善相關程序和標準。

According to the relevant regulations of China, although higher vocational education belongs to the stage of higher education, there is no decree system applied to it. Students in higher vocational colleges can only get an academic certificate and a professional qualification certificate rather than a degree certificate. The poor implementation of this double-certificate system and the absence of degree result in an incomplete talent evaluation standard in the labor market, and obstruction of students' job-hunting. It's the timing and opportunity right now for reform since the newly-published national policies show an emphasis on developing higher vocational education, and the Regulations on Academic Degrees is under revision. In all the reform options, building up a new degree system specialized for higher vocational education is the best plan. This new vocational degree system is independent of the normal degree system, with institutional potential of multi-level extension and can be equal and connected to the normal degree system. To implement it we should give the right of degree-awarding to the higher vocational colleges, and build up the procedure and standard rule in the revised Regulations on Academic Degrees.