欲望、換喻與小它物：當代漢語詩的後現代修辭與文化政治

Desire, Metonymy, and Objet petit a: Postmodern Rhetoric and Cultural Politics in Contemporary Chinese Poetry

本文旨在通過拉岡的精神分析理論來考察九十年代以來當代漢語詩的修辭學轉化，這種轉化可以看做是對拉岡意義上的符號域的消解。當代漢語詩的語言通過展示象徵性表達的疏漏，形成一種不斷趨向滲漏出符號域的那個「小它物」的欲望，而這種註定受阻礙的欲望則意味著對阻礙的欲望。拉岡將欲望看作是一種換喻，而這也正是當代漢語詩的顯著修辭特徵。本文將通過分析當代漢語詩中換喻修辭的種種表現，探討這種修辭是如何達成一種挑戰宏大話語模式的寫作，揭示符號秩序的內在創傷與絕爽的。

This essay examines the rhetorical transformation of recent Chinese poetry in both Taiwan and mainland China since the 1990s, in the light of Lacanian theory of the deconstruction of the Symbolic. The poetic language that displays losses in symbolic expression triggers desire – a desire destined to be impeded, and thus a desire for impediment, according to Žižek – towards the objet petit a, the unsymbolizable remnant from the Real. Lacan regards desire as a metonymy, which, as this essay demonstrates, is the fundamental rhetorical characteristic of Chinese poetry today. By analyzing the metonymic expressions in contemporary Chinese poetry, this essay probes how a new poetic expression challenges the mode of grand discourse, and reveals trauma and jouissance under the Symbolic order.