地景臨現──六朝志怪「地誌書寫」範式與文化意蘊

Representation of Landscape: Geographic Writing Style and Cultural Meanings of Weirdness of Six Dynasties

地誌，也是一種文本（text），一種空間的文本，提供異時代人們不斷地解讀、詮釋，乃至於重構。六朝志怪所書寫的內容不僅包括奇聞異事、因果報應、五行厭勝、社會現況、佛道信仰、災異禛祥、託夢離魂、幽媾冥婚、占卜夢兆等內容，尚含攝許多歷史典故、神話傳說、風土民俗、地理風物等，是整體文化的地誌書寫、人文關懷的表現。事實上，六朝志怪非常關注「地理博物」之書寫，不管在「史傳類」或「雜記類」皆涉及此一書寫，形成一種時代的集體意識。這種思維反映在神話傳說之敘記、風土民情的載錄等，映現「傳記情境」之神聖臨在的「真實」敘事，透過地景凝視召喚歷史情境，體現一種互為主體性的地理景觀。本文透過六朝志怪的風俗與地誌之書寫，探討地景成為一種人文載體，書寫神話傳說、奇風異俗、宗教信仰、地理博物等皆銘刻社會活動的人文立體景觀，透過主體感知的書寫，佈示地景座標之多重現實與日常生活之情境再現。

Weirdness of Six Dynasties described many local customs and geographic writings. The paper discussed how landscape becoming a human carrier. Mythology and legend, stange customs, religional beliefs and geographic utensils were engraved in social activities and human and three-dimensional landscape. By the description of sensual of subject, the paper presented the multiple reality of coordinate of landscape and daily situation of social life.