天險悠悠：六朝辭賦中的江海書寫與國家想像

The Long Natural Barrier: A Study of “Jianghai (River and Ocean) Writing” 江海書寫 and the National Imagination in Six Dynasties Fu 賦

六朝倚長江天險立國，因此江南王國不同於建都於北方的帝國，反而與水勢有著密切關係。基於此，本文透過六朝以江海辭賦為核心，兼及其他文體進行探討，發掘六朝作者如何將江海意象與國家想像連結。全文主要分為兩個層次展開論述：首先，探討六朝以江與海為題材的辭賦，爬梳六朝的江海書寫如何表現當時作者的國家想像與認同；其次，探討六朝賦家如何將江海與都城結合，並談到南方王朝覆滅之際，江海水勢又於不同文體中呈現怎樣的意象。透過本文的探討，希望能釐清文學史中江海此象徵遞變的關鍵所在，也探討這個傍水而建立的六朝，當時作者如何想像與定義他們身處的世界。

In contrast to earlier dynasties, whose capitals were shielded by mountains, the founding of the Six Dynasties relied on the Yangtze River長江, and the capital had a close connection to its water flows. Based on this geographical distinction, I discuss “jianghai (river and ocean) writing” 江海書寫 in Six Dynasties fu 賦 and look into the close relationship between water flows and the capital. The article is divided into two main parts. In part one, I examine the relationship between jianghai writing and the national imagination during the Six Dynasties. In part two, I investigate how jianghai compositions of the period discussed the stability of the capital, and observe how writers used spectacular water flows to symbolize the reputation of the state. It is worth pointing out that in later writings, which correspond to the period when the Southern states began to decline, the water flows took on images of cruelty and sadness. Through this analysis, I hope to clarify the import of jianghai images in the history of Chinese literature.