朱子《易》學的動靜觀： 從經學與理學的交涉談起

Zhu Xi’s 朱子 View of Movement and Stillness: On the Relationship between Yi 易 Learning and Neo-Confucianism

朱子理學的建構與他對經學的詮釋密切相關，《易》學於其中自亦扮演重要的角色，「朱子《易》學與理學的關係」亦是學界探究朱子《易》學的關注核心之一。而筆者在爬梳朱子的相關著作時，發現朱子《易》學的動靜觀對其理學的思考與建構實有著重要性與特殊性，其涉及的層面頗為深廣，涵括朱子理學的本體論、心性論與工夫論。故筆者嘗試由「動靜」的視域切入，對朱子《易》學與理學的關聯進行更深細的發掘，也由此見微知著地去考察經學與理學交涉的課題。

Zhu Xi 朱子’s conception of Neo-Confucianism is closely related to his interpretation of the Chinese classics. Naturally, Zhu’s Yi 《易》 learning played an important role in the construction of Neo- Confucianism, a fact long recognized by scholars in the field who have made it the focus of numerous studies. In my analysis of Zhu’s works, I discovered that the concepts of movement and stillness were critical to understanding the relationship between Yi learning and Neo- Confucianism. Zhu considered the topic of movement and stillness to be a fundamental issue, and it played an important role in the process whereby he established Neo-Confucianism through his interpretation of the classics. The extremely rich conception of movement and stillness found in Zhu’s Yi learning also influenced the Neo-Confucian conceptions of li 理 and qi 氣, the mind and nature, as well as the practice of self-cultivation. This article conducts an in depth analysis of Zhu’s views on movement and stillness in an effort to facilitate discussion on a number of controversial issues in his thought.