《黔書》的治書框架與西南審美經驗

Aesthetic Pursuit and Practical Information in The Qian Account 黔書

明清時期描述溪南地區的文本有一個共同的特色，即歷史、傳說、見聞與想像虛構在同一話語體系中互參互證，又彼此競逐，形成一個「西南知識系統」。本文以清出貴州巡撫田雯 (1635-1704) 編撰之《黔書》為例，討問知識傳播語文學審美兩種價值，再志書／治書的文類規範中如何互動與衝撞。同時，本文也將《黔書》至於田雯整體的書寫脈絡中，語文者詩文集中其他作品比較，以發掘期間隱藏的矛盾、掩飾、焦慮甚至仇恨等種種雜音，並就此進行解讀。田雯寫作追求繁富、講就鍛鍊、癖好新奇，其風格與治書框架因矛盾而對話，使得《黔書》在眾多西南敘事文本中有突出的文學價值。

We can often detect in Ming-Qing texts related to China’s southwest, notwithstanding their generic categories, mutually referential and competing discourses of history, legend, experience and imagination. In this paper I take The Qian Account 《黔書》by Tian Wen 田雯, who served as the governor of the Guizhou province 貴州 in the early Qing, as an example to discuss hoe the values of practical information and aesthetic pursuit interact in the generic framework of a local gazetteer / reference book. The paper also argues that it is important to read The Qian Account in the context of Tian’s writings, and compare it with his other works. In so doing we can unveil the suppressed cacophony of conflicts, anxieties and resentments which will greatly enrich our interpretation. As a writer, Tian always strived to be intricate, ornate and novel; therefore, his literary style contradicted the requirement of the “reference book for governance.” It is precisely the contradiction, however, that has rendered The Qian Account a text of outstanding literary merit.