鮑照紀遊文的寫景藝術及其成就

The Characteristic of Landscape Ode Authored by Bao Zhao

鮑照者，字明遠，南朝宋文學家。雖沉淪下僚，生不得志，然詩、賦、駢文皆不乏名篇。在南朝「情必極貌以寫物，辭必窮力而追新」的文學風潮之中，其〈蕪城賦〉為六朝抒情小賦的名篇，對比廣陵城之昔盛與今荒，興發盛衰無常之感，藝術技巧傑出。另外有《登大雷岸與妹書》一文融情於景，以漢賦鋪陳和誇張的手法，表現跌宕絢麗的風格。明張溥《漢魏六朝百三家集．鮑參軍集題詞》嘗評其文：「鮑文最有名者，蕪城賦、河清頌及登大雷岸書。南齊書文學傳所謂『發唱驚挺，持調險急，雕藻淫艷，傾炫心魂』，殆指是耶？」〈河清頌〉雖具典雅瑰麗之色，實為歌功頌德之作，真正有價值的文章，當推〈登大雷岸與妹書〉與〈蕪城賦〉。本文將以此二篇一探鮑照「其性沈摯，故即景命詞，必鈎深索異，不欲猶人。其姿雄渾，故抗音吐懷，每獨成亮節。」的風格與技巧。

Bao Zhao (414 - 466) was one of the most important poets in Southern Dynasties. His representative works - Ode of Wu Cheng and A Letter to Sister from Great Thunder Shore - like the typical literary style of Han Fu, was characterized by gorgeous diction and exaggerative expression. According to literary critic Zhang Pu, ”Bao's writings were inspiring and rich in exuberant feeling. He strived for uniqueness in description of realistic situation and ultimately for a creation of romantic situation with unusual refinement. Readers would exclaim at his bold imagination and vigorous expression and be touched by his moral integrity.” This article discusses the writing style and skill of the two masterpieces and highlights the author's marvelous conception and brilliant talents.