詩領域的自覺：晚唐的「詩人」論述

The Self-consciousness of the Realm of Poetry: The Self-proclaimed of the Poet in Late Tang

本文從回顧學術史的「文學自覺」說開始，並在中唐詩人意識與詩人身分的前行研究基礎上，對晚唐詩作一探究。這種研究取徑是將創作主體置於各種社會關係，諸如政治與文學領域，繼而闡述創作主體對於身分的自我認同與自覺表述。故本文的論說，是以晚唐的詩人表述為中心，首先說明晚唐詩人對於詩之文類的自覺認識，進而析論晚唐詩歌創作者表述「詩人身分」時的種種表現與心態。對於中唐詩人典範的認同與建構，則意謂著晚唐對於「詩人自覺」議題的內在化傾向，由此確立自我的詩人身分。最後，晚唐詩人不斷將仕宦價值與詩歌價值作對比，甚至把「詩」置於政治功名之上，則體現出獨特的詩歌價值觀與本質觀。透過上述討論，不僅可瞭解晚唐「詩人自覺」表述的獨特性，對於中唐與晚唐在詩學上的連續性，也將有更清晰的認識。

Middle Tang (中唐) as a beginning of the poetry of Song dynasty has a lot of analyses and research. But most of critic strongly disapproved of the Late Tang poetry. Now, we came back to the Late Tang, to think that what kind of connection of the poetry and poet. For example, how the Late Tang poet regarded themselves as the poet if we change the angel of artistic attitude. Some poet just like Jia Dao (賈島), Fang Gan (方干), became more important in Late Tang. The poet of Late Tang inspired what kind of idea from their stories and poetry? Ku Yin (苦吟) certainly was a very important atmosphere of Late Tang. But we can't regard it as one kind of artistic attitude. It means that the poet of Late Tang combined the life and poetry. Moreover, the Late Tang poet devoted themselves to the poetry was the symbol that the poet became a separate sphere of commitment. This kind of change is not just about the poetry, but also the inner mind of the creator. The identity of the poet was more complicated and profound than the poet of Middle-Tang. So, these phenomenon deserved us to reappraise the meaning and value of the Late Tang poetry and poet.