《紅樓夢》創傷敘事的解構與療癒

Deconstruction of Trauma Narrative and Healing in 'The Dream of the Red Chamber'

本文從文學治療學的角度，以敘事治療為研究方法，探究《紅樓夢》中的創傷與療癒。《紅樓夢》作者藉由小說的敘事，對自身語言所建構的創傷課題，自覺地加以一一解構，並援引佛法思想作為療癒的依據。綜觀《紅樓夢》文本，創傷敘事的解構與療癒展現在五大方面：一、以「宿孽」解構風月情淫；二、以「定業」解構名利窮通；三、以「因緣」解構聚散離合；四、以「夢幻」解構家道消長；五、以「無常」解構死生傷逝。《紅樓夢》作者以佛法五種重要思想為價值信念，分別對治生命中的五大創傷課題，形成極為獨特的自我療癒策略。

Adopting narrative therapy as the research method, this paper delves into the trauma and healing in Chinese classical novel The Dream of the Red Chamber from the perspectives of literary therapy. The author of The Dream of the Red Chamber, consciously deconstructed the issues of trauma constructed from his own language one after another, and cited the Buddhist ideology as the basis for healing.Deconstruction of trauma narrative and healing in The Dream of the Red Chamber are embodied in five aspects: (1) Deconstruct sentimental obscene with retribution; (2) Deconstruct fame and wealth as well as failure and success with pralabd karma; (3) Deconstruct separation and reunion with fate; (4) Deconstruct vicissitudes of family with dream, and (5) deconstruct life and death and lamentation with impermanence.Cao Xueqin took five important thoughts of Buddhism as the value and faith to form distinctive self-healing strategy to cure five traumas in life respectively.