雲間幾社的格調詩論－─以〈幾社壬申合稿凡例〉、〈六子詩稿序〉為開展

Ge Diao Poetic Theory of the Yuen-Jien Ji Club-Unfolding with 'The Introduction to the Ren-Shen Poem Compilation of Ji Club' and 'The Preface for the Poems of the Six Poets'

今人論雲間詩學，或將雲間幾社等同於雲間詩派。事實上，雲間幾社的詩歌唱和活動主要集中在崇禎4年至崇禎7年間，以文社名義刊刻的詩文總集也只有《幾社壬申合稿》、《幾社六子詩》二書，因而雲間幾社只能視為雲間詩派發展的第一階段。基於此一理由，本文將以陳子龍為此二部詩文總集所撰寫的〈幾社壬申合稿凡例〉、〈六子詩稿序〉為論述起點，來探討雲間幾社「格調」詩論的內涵，藉以呈現雲間詩派發展初期的詩學特徵。文章內容著重於論析幾社詩人追尋前代典範詩作的詩學理想，以及色采、丰姿、情志等概念與格調的交涉關係，同時也比較了幾社的格調論述與前、後七子之間的異同。此一研究議題，當有助於我們進一步了解明代復古詩學的流變。

Nowadays when mentioning about the Poetry of Yuen-Jien, some people may hold the belief that the Yuen-Jien Ji Club is exactly the same as the Yuen-Jien School. As a matter of fact, the practice of writing poems in response of Yuen-Jien Ji Club mainly took place from the Fourth Year to the Seventh Year of the Chongzhen Reign and there were only two carved poetry publications in the name of Ji Club-The Ren-Shen Poem Compilation of Ji Club and The Poems of the Ji Club Six Poets. Therefore, Yuen-Jien Ji Club can only be viewed as the first stage in the development of the Yuen-Jien School. Based on the above-mentioned reason, the essay is going to explore the insights of ”Ge Diao” poetic theory of Yuen-Jien Ji Club, taking advantage of ”The Introduction to the Ren-Shen Poem Compilation of Ji Club” and ”The Preface for the Poems of the Six Poets”, both written by Chen Zi-Long to present the poetic characteristics of the early development of Yuen-Jien School. The essay lays emphasis on how Ji Club poets pursued the poetic ideals of the former classics and the interaction between some ideas like hue, grace, sentiment and Ge Diao, and meanwhile compares the differences and the similarities in Ge Diao poetic theories between Ji Club poets, The Former Seven Poets and The Latter Seven Poets as well. This issue in question may help us to further understand the transformation of the classical poetics in the Ming Dynasty.