親屬連結、社會規範與國境管理：中國福建省無證移民的研究

Kinship Networks, Social Rules, and Border Control: A Study of Fujianese Undocumented Immigrants

奠基於2002-2007年的田野調查研究資料，本文試圖探究形塑中國福建省人民無證出入境的歷史和社會機制。本文的發現為：一、1940年代末的國共內戰建構了此地與台灣的原初性親屬關係網絡；二、1980年代末肇興的無證入台行動多仰賴此社會網絡和人際規範的支援；三、因應於晚近中台兩地日趨嚴厲之打擊偷私渡的國境管理措施，無證移民必須訴諸新興途徑（尤以假結婚為然），故而創構了前所未有的人際規範；四、在全球化的狀況下，以國境管理為首要特權的國家主權已凌駕父系霸權，成為規範此刻跨國／族人士的首要力量。

Based on ethnographic research from 2002 to 2007, this paper exam-ines the historical and social mechanisms behind the border-crossing activi-ties of Fujianese undocumented immigrants migrating into Taiwan. The the-sis of this paper is fourfold. First, these immigrants' social linkages cross the Taiwan Strait, based primarily on kinship networks, were first established during the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949). Second, from the late 1980s to he early 2000s, Fujianese immigrants made their illicit entry into Taiwan possible mainly by resorting to the social rules inherent in these kinship lin-kages. Third, as a result of the increasingly stringent border-control policy exercised across the Taiwan Strait over the past decade, fraud marriage has become a primary means of border-crossing, thus resulting in a completely new way of understanding and practicing immigrants' social relationships in Taiwan. Lastly, in an era of globalization, the sovereign power of the na-tion state, as embodied chiefly in the functioning of border control, is now the primary force regulating the lives of nation/race boundary-crossers.