解除克勞塞維茲的魔咒：分析當前社會改革運動的困境

本文回顧了社會運動文獻中的資源動員理論，提出克勞塞維茲行動邏輯的概念，來分析台灣社會改革運動面臨的集體困境。作者以文本分析的方法，嘗試回答為什麼在後美麗島時代反對運動的早期，一些重要的社會性與階級性議題進入了政治抗爭的場域；但這些議題卻在民主化的階段，尤其是政權轉移之後，被忽略、甚至排除於改革議程之外。本文論證，許多黨外時代以來的運動領導者，長期將社會改革議題以及社會運動的場域，視為與國民黨政權抗爭的外延戰場。因此，一旦民進黨取得中央政府的執政權，民主運動人士大量投入執政團隊，由於權力位置的挪轉，社會改革的議題就迅速面臨失焦的難題，甚至使原先充滿批判活力的社會運動場域陷入空洞化的危機。

The author uses the concept of Clausewitzian action logic-that is, a social movement as the continuation of a struggle outside the political arena-to explain the current state of collective immobility among social reform groups in Taiwan. Resource mobilization theory is employed to discursively analyze major activist texts of the 1980s-a time of recovery for the opposition party following a Kuomintang crackdown in what is now referred to as the Kaohsiung Incident of 1979. It is suggested that opposition groups gradually followed an instrumental strategy of using social movements to bargain with the authoritarian ruler. Ever since the opposition party won control of the central government in 2000, social issues have, to a large extent, been excluded from the reform agenda - a result of 'Clausewitzian enchantment.'