台灣社區老人手部握力相關因素的探討——台灣南部社區民眾複合式健檢資料的分析研究

Study on related factors of grip strength: integrated physical examination analysis of community-dwelling adults in southern Taiwan

目標：本研究為南部某縣2015-2016年複合式健檢資料的分析，以了解社區老人的健康體能與衰老情形，以及影響手部握力的相關因子。方法：本次共收錄了1,002位65歲以上老年人（74.19±6.02歲）的資料，包括435位男性（74.97±6.28歲）、567位女性（73.56±5.74歲）。分析資料包括日常生活習慣，一般健檢的身高、體重、身體質量指數、骨密度、基礎代謝率、手部握力、身體靜態平衡力與動態平衡力。結果：男女和不同年齡層受試者在許多體能上都有顯著差異；性別、基礎代謝率和年齡是影響手部握力的三個關鍵因素，三個因素可決定受試者手部握力的49.2%（AdjR2=.492）。其他影響因子依序為：身體靜態平衡力、身體質量指數、舒張壓、體重、就寢時間。結論：身體靜態平衡力、舒張壓對手部握力的預測力，是本次研究的重要發現。其中，身體平衡力與老化的關係是目前許多老化研究的重點；然而，舒張壓與手部握力表現的關係卻極少被討論到。本研究顯示，舒張壓對手部握力的預測力比體重、骨密度都高。此外，這些老年男性受試者的舒張壓明顯高於女性受試者；女性受試者的收縮壓與舒張壓的差異值明顯大於男性受試者，值得進一步追蹤與後續更大量的資料分析。

Objectives: This study is about the Integrated Physical Examination of one county in Taiwan during 2015-2016. This study aims at understanding the physical health condition of communitydwelling adults in southern Taiwan and the related factors of grip strength. Methods: Participants incorporate 435 males (M=74.97±6.28 years old) and 567 females (M=73.56±5.74 years old) in southern Taiwan. The testing items include: lifestyle, body weight, blood pressure, body mass index, bone density, basal metabolic rate, grip strength and body balance. Results: The study shows significant difference between male and female and among age-groups in many variables as well. The main factors affecting grip strength performance are gender, basal metabolic rate and age, with the 49.2% of explanatory power (Adj R2=.492). The other related factors are static body balance, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, habit of bedtime. Conclusions: The study indicates high correlation between static body balance and grip strength, which is corroborated in the other research. The analysis also identifies a positive correlation between diastolic blood pressure and grip strength, and the explanatory power is even higher than body weight and bone density. Therefore, extended study and sampling should be carried out.