從心理病態的脈絡來理解無差別殺人者－－以 2014 年臺北捷運大量殺人事件為例

Psychopathy and Indiscriminate Homicide: A Case Study of the Taipei Metro Mass Murder Event in 2014

每當發生重大殺人事件，勢必引起社會集體焦慮，名眾會渴望知道更多血腥的報導，但內心卻不斷地提問社會為何會發生這種喪盡天良的犯罪？作者是著根據新北市地方法院檢察署的起訴書跟台大醫院的司法精神鑑定報告樹作為探討的文本基礎，從這兩份已經被書寫詮釋，固定下來的文本資料，透過Jaspers的方哈學，從Erkaren的因果解說進到Verstehen的真正理解，藉由鄭捷的故事脈絡去拆解某些犯罪現象得困惑。首先分析鄭捷生命中的三件中大心理創傷事件，同時對照著Berardi（2015／2016）書上描寫的幾位無差別殺人者的故事。再從殺人誓言的辯證，延伸至自戀性憤怒是如何走向是空的爆點。作者進一步試著歸納無差別殺人者的犯罪心理學診斷要件：道德貧乏、同理能力挫敗、格格不入的社為疏離及惡性自戀的質變。但從DSM診斷難以說明無差別殺人者的精神症狀與心理狀態，應竭力避免再犯罪事件發生之後，司法系統及專業人員的介入，無心卻造成反治療的二次創傷。但又唯有盡力去重構犯罪真相，此一大量殺人事件所造成的社會傷害才得以有機會修補，朝向修復式正義來實踐。

When the mass murder events happened, the media provoke the anxiety of society quickly. Everybody eager to know how offender developed to such a state of losing humanity. The author tried to reframe the psychopath by the method of narrative analysis through the context of indiscriminate killer on the official text from the indictment document and forensic psychiatrist assessment report. Using the methodology of existentialistic philosopher Jasper, we expect to Verstehen the phenomenon of psychopath through the way of Erklaren. There are at least three obvious narcissistic injury events of the offender's life resulting in the narcissistic rage and revenge acting out of his hate crime. Due to the unavoidable limitation in using the depressive spectrum and personality theory of the DSM diagnostic system to formulation the evil of psychology, the author tried to formulate the indiscriminate killers with four specific indicators: moral fatigue, empathy failure, social intimacy disintegration, malignant narcissistic transformation. The more comprehensive figure out the psychological profiling of the offence, the more possible to achieve the restorative justice as advocating empathy for the suffering of the victims' family. Hopefully social collective healing should be done in the end.