三種家庭類型外食消費支出分析－－家計生產模型之應用

Analyses on Food-Away-From-Home Expenditure of Three Types of Families: An Application of Household Production Function

利用行政院主計處提供之「家庭收支調查」資料，本文將實証樣本依家計單位經濟戶長的婚姻狀態，分為三種家庭型態，分析其家庭的外食消費支出。應用家計生產經濟理論，文中建立家庭外食消費支出的實証計量模型，並藉隨機性檢查模型方法來衡量家務活動的時間價值。實証結果顯示：家庭外食消費支出顯著的受家庭食品消費支出金額、時間價值、家庭成員組成、居住地區和經濟戶長年齡等變項的影響。家庭食品消費支出和家務活動時間價值兩個變數，對家庭外食消費支出都有正向的影響效果，惟各迴歸解釋變數估測係數值和顯著性水準，在三種家庭類型間略有差異。

Data from the survey of family income and expenditure was used for analyzing household expenditures for food-away-from-home (FAFH). Three types of households are constructed from the sample, based on the marital status of household head. An empirical econometric model of the demand for FAFH is developed from household production theory, which stresses the importance of the time constraint implicit in a household's decisionmaking process. A stochastic censor regression model is employed for quantifying a measure of the household's value of time, or opportunity cost of time. The empirical results indicated that the expenditures on FAFH were significantly affected by food expenditures of household, value of time, compositions of household, area of residence, age of household head. Food expenditures of household and value of time are found to have positive impacts on the expenditure for FAFH. However, the degree of influence of explantory variables on expenditure for FAFH are somewhat different across three types of households.