臺灣地區乳品加工業之獨占力與社會福利損失

Monoploy Power and Welfare Loss in Taiwan Dairy Processing Industry

本研究分別採用Harberger方法、Cowling & Mueller方法、Gisser方法及Dickson & Yu方法測定國內乳品加工業之社會福利損失。估計結果顯示，用Dickson & Yu寡占模型所估算出的福利損失最大，而採Harberger方法最小。福利損失的大小視所衡量公式中的變數而異，產業的供需彈性、營業收入、市場集中度及廠商是否勾結均為重要影響因子。尤其當廠商彼此相互協議而促使獨占力提升時，福利損失更相對加大。

This study tries to present some statistical methods to estimate the welfare loss of Taiwan dairy processing industry due to market imperfect competition. Harberger, Cowling & Muller, Gisser and Dickson & Yu's methods are applied. Welfare loss generated by the Dickson & Yu's method is the highest. The results also Indicated that the welfare loss is mainly attributed to the size of supply and demand elasticities, firm's sales, market concentration, and coalition among firms. It is also associated with the degree of monopoly power.