他者的主體化與選擇性賦權台北市動物治理的發展與困局

The Subjectification and Selective Entitlement of Others: The Development and Dilemma of Animal Governance in Taipei

本文檢視台北市動物治理的發展，探討人與動物關係的演變。作者援引跨物種都市理論觀點，檢視官方與民間組織以何種論述及措施塑造動物治理場域。作者運用文獻分析法，並訪問民間動物權益組織成員，藉此掌握台北市動物治理的變遷。研究發現，1950年代迄今的都市動物治理，在經濟營生的考慮外，逐漸萌生了三個主要趨勢：安全、保育，以及人道化。非政府組織策略則有兩大類型：以慈善拯救和照護個體為主的收容及馴養，以及立足普遍動物權利而倡議建立政策和制度。然而，當前動物治理雖然逐步納入了動物權利觀，仍面臨人類與動物關係長期以來的理性化、分類化和商品化趨勢，動物友善城市政策與普遍動物權仍有諸多顧慮。作者主張，「知情的選擇性賦權」是當前動物治理較務實的立場，但「動物他者之主體化」則是有助於啟發反思的理想。

This article examines the development of animal governance in Taipei to explore an often-overlooked issue: how should the relationship between human beings and animals be constituted? The authors apply trans-species urban theory to examine the policies, discourses and measures deployed by the public and private sectors since the 1950s in Taipei through analysis of related journalism and documents as well as interviews with members of animal welfare NGOs. In addition to economic concerns, security, conservation, and humanity are three major concerns of animal governance that response to the changing human-animal relationship in Taipei. Although animal rights have been recognized, long-term trend towards rationalization, commodification, and classification of human-animal relationships, animal-friendly city policy remains restrictive. The authors argue that informed selective entitlement for animals would be a more practical policy guideline while the ideal of animal subjectification can inspire human reflection.