朱燮元的家世與早期官宦經驗（1566-1620)

Zhu Xie-yuan's Family and His Early Official Career (1566-1620)

朱燮元（1566-1638) ，浙江山陰縣（現浙江省紹興市柯橋區) 人，明萬曆二十年（1592) 進士。起官為大理寺評事，其前期仕途歷經蘇州知府、廣東提學副使、陝西按察使、四川布政使等官。至天啟元年（1621) 於四川左布政任內遭逢「奢安之亂」，終以平亂事功升至貴湖川雲廣五省總督兼貴州巡撫，在四川、貴州等地的政策擁有很大的發言權。朱燮元在研究明末的土司政策，是一個值得關注的人物。
明代中葉以後，逐漸出現一種新的政軍整合模式，即以文人領軍，王守仁（1472-1620) 即以此一模式於江西敉平諸多亂事，朱燮元更是此一模式深具代表性的人物。朱燮元的家世也有其特殊性，他來自山陰白洋朱氏，其祖先於建文（1399-1402) 年間追隨明成祖（1360-1424) 時以武官發跡，至弘治年間（1488-1505) 始有科舉功名，亦於此時創制宗祠家塾，朱燮元便深受白洋朱氏之家風影響。他將家學與前期仕宦的經驗相結合，方能掌握機遇於「奢安之亂」中大放異彩。

Zhu Xie-yuan (朱燮元, 1566-1638) , born in Zhejiang Sanin(浙江山陰) County, he is Ming dynasty the twenty year of Wanli(萬曆,1592) metropolitan graduate. His first official is the court of judicial review case reviewer, after that he experience Suzhou(蘇州) prefect, Guangdong(廣東) vice education-intendant censor, Shaanxi(陝西) surveillance commissioner, Sichuan(四川) administration commissioner. The first year of Tianqi(天啟,1621) , Zhu Xie-yuan term of office Sichuan administration commissioner, he encounter rebellion of SheAn(奢安之亂) , finally he to repress the rebellion, become Guizhou, Huguang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi supreme commander(貴湖川雲廣五省總督) and Guizhou grand coordinator, he have a great influence on Sichuan, Guizhou et cetera policy. Zhu Xie-yuan is important character in research late Ming's aboriginal office policy. After Mid Ming, a new mode of politics Integrate military gradual emergence, it is scholar leadership military, Wang shouren(王守仁, 1472-1529) use it encounter a lot of rebellion in Jiangxi(江西) , Zhu Xie-yuan also is representative character in this mode. Zhu Xie-yuan's family have particularity, he come from Sanin Baiyang Zhu's clan (山陰白洋朱氏) , their ancestor is military attache follow Yongle emperor (明成祖, 1360-1424) in the year of Jianwen(建文, 1399-1402) , Sanin Baiyang Zhu's clan until the year of Hongzhi (弘治, 1488-1505) it have imperial examination fame, at the same time, Sanin Baiyang Zhu's clan create ancestral shrine and family school, Sanin Baiyang Zhu clan's family tradition affect Zhu Xie-Yuan profound. Zhu Xie-yuan combine family tradition and early official experience, so he can seize the opportunity, show his different in rebellion of SheAn.