甲文「往」字構形及其句例探論

Types of Writing and Grammatical Constructions of “Wang”（往）in the Oracle-Bone Inscription

本文的要點在：「往」字異構及其句例探論。「往」字除常見的「 」形之外，還包含「 、 、 、 、 、 」等，透過構形分析與相關字例比對，其與「 （ ）」的構形截然不同。並透透過句法、動詞的類型、詞彙的語義、語境來論述「 、 、 、 」應同於「往」；不為「執」。「往」為趨向動詞；「執」屬活動動詞，兩者用法有所差異。「往」與「 」不同點為：一是，「往」義為前往，作為趨向動詞，可與其它活動動詞合併成形。二是，「往」可與祭祀動詞合併，其義仍為前往。三是，「 」則不具有趨向動詞的用法，其語意大體為捕獲。

This article focuses on different types of writing and grammatical constructions of the word “wang” in oracle-bone inscription. In addition to its ordinary form of writing as “ ”, the word can also be written as “ 、 、 、 、and ”, which are different from the writing of “zhi”（）－“ ”. By studying the syntax, verbal types, as well as the context of vocabulary, the author argues that the writing types of “ 、 、 、 、 、 ” refer to the character “wang” and are distinguished from the character “zhi.” In fact, “wang” is a directional verb, while “zhi” is an activity verb. The differences between “wang” and “zhi” can be marked in the following three aspects: 1) “Wang” means “heading for,” functions as a directional verb, and can be conflated with other activity verbs. 2) “Wang” can be conflated with ritual verbs and still means “heading for.” 3) “Zhi” is not used as a directional verb and usually means “to capture.” .