漢語方言的語序類型：再探閩語的分區

Typology of Word Order in Chinese Dialects: Revisiting the Classification of Min

根據次話題優先，劉丹青 (2001a) 建議吳語和閩語是弱 VO 型方言，而粵語則是強VO 型方言。本文考察吳、閩、粵在表示自移事件和致移事件時，趨向動詞／趨向補語和賓語（包括受事賓語和處所賓語）所顯示的語序。結果說明被調查的三個閩方言，包括福清話、惠安話、潮安話，所呈現的語序跟粵語的語序十分相似，而跟吳語的有相當大的差異。閩／粵語和吳語在語序上的差異進一步得到兩者對動後賓語的不同程度的包容性和使用前置詞或後置詞的差異的支持。本文認為閩語和粵語都是劉文所謂的強 VO 方言，而吳語則是弱 VO 方言。

On the basis of the degree of subtopic prominence, Liu (2001a) suggests that Wu and Min are weak VO dialects, while Cantonese is a strong VO dialect. The present study examines the word orders exhibited by the directional verb/the directional complement and the theme object/the locative object in Wu, Min and Cantonese, when denoting self-agentive and agentive motion events. The findings of the study show that the word orders exhibited in the three Min dialects studied, namely Fuqing, Hui’an and Chao’an, closely resemble those in Cantonese, but differ significantly from the ones exemplified in Wu. The contrast between Min/Cantonese and Wu is further supported by their differences in the tolerance of postverbal object and in the use of preposition or postposition. The findings of the present study suggest that Min and Cantonese are strong VO dialects while Wu is a weak VO dialect in the sense of Liu (2001a).