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篇名
從「方向」到「正面評價」--粵語助詞「返」的語法化、主觀化及交互主觀化
並列篇名
From ‘Direction’ to ‘Positive Evaluation’: On the Grammaticalization, Subjectification and Intersubjectification of faan1 ‘return’ in Cantonese
作者 左靄雲
中文摘要
本文探討粵語助詞「返」的語法化過程。以十九世紀至當代的粵方言材料為基礎,本文追蹤「返」的歷時發展過程。從一個表「回到原來位置」的趨向動詞,「返」逐漸發展成一個語法標記,表示與「回復」相關的意思,並進一步發展為賦有主觀評價色彩的標記。儘管這些用法在過去已被廣泛評述,本文發現「返」再進一步語法化為一個能減輕說話人語氣的交互主觀化標記。本文認為「返」的主觀化及交互主觀化的動機是基於說話的需求--說話人需表達自己的主觀情感的同時,亦需照顧到其對象的面子需要。由於「返」正是達至這些需求的不二之選,以至它最後發展成一個具豐富語用功能的標記。
英文摘要
This paper investigates the grammaticalization of the directional particle faan1 in Cantonese. Drawing on examples from a diachronic database reflecting the use of faan1 in Cantonese from the mid-nineteenth century to the present, this study traces the diachronic development of faan1. Originally a verb of movement meaning ‘to return to the original location’, faan1 has gradually developed into a grammatical particle giving resumptive meanings, as well as subjective evaluative meanings. Despite the fact that these meanings of faan1 have been commented upon extensively in the past, it is found that it has undergone further grammaticalization to become a tone-softener, playing an intersubjective role. It is suggested that the subjectification and intersubjectification of faan1 are motivated by the conversational needs for a speaker to express his subjective feelings as well as to care for his addressee’s face needs. The particle faan1 turned out to be a very suitable candidate to achieve these communicative goals, thus leading to its pragmatic enrichment.
起訖頁 91-134
關鍵詞 粵語語法化主觀化評價助詞「返」Cantonesegrammaticalizationsubjectificationevaluative particlefaan1
刊名 語言暨語言學  
期數 201301 (14:1期)
出版單位 中央研究院語言學研究所
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