從共現結構看事件訊息：「討論類」動詞的詞彙語意研究

From Collocation to Event Information: The Case of Mandarin Verbs of Discussion

動詞語意的研究一直是語言學與自然語言處理及應用的一大課題。本文旨在綜論詞彙語意的剖析方法，並指出現有以處理大量訊息為目標的語意資料，無法呈現近義詞的語意區隔。唯有以語料庫為本，對照剖析動詞的共現結構、功能分布及語意限制，才能清楚界定語意和語法間的互動關係，進而釐清近義詞的關鍵屬性。動詞語意研究的最終目的即在找出具有影響語法表現的語意屬性。

The importance of deciphering lexical knowledge, especially the eventive information encoded on verbs, has been highly recognized and various approaches have been proposed to represent lexical information that plays a crucial role in grammatical realization. In this paper, a subset of Mandarin verbs of communication —verbs of discussion—is explored in detail, with reference to the semantic properties characteristic of the whole class. While quantitative NLP approaches might tend to overlook some semantic details, it is shown that a corpus-based, contrastive analysis of near-synonyms can be most useful in extracting lexical information that is critical in differentiating verbs.