南島語的「焦點屈折」是詞彙衍生：名物化的證據

Austronesian ‘Focus’ as Derivation: Evidence from Nominalization

本篇論文依據名物化的語料來佐證台灣及菲律賓南島語「焦點屈折」源自詞彙衍生，動詞藉由詞彙衍生將不同的觀點指派於所描述的情況。若將其他台灣南島學家所謂的「主事焦點」及「非主事焦點」分析為「非及物」及「及物」，就可以發現幾乎所有台灣南島語言都屬於作格語言。此論文應用的理論架構結合依附文法與無縫構詞學。

This paper adds data from nominalizations to support the thesis that Formosan and Philippine ‘focus inflection’ is lexical derivation whereby verbs assign various perspectives to the situations they encode. The Formosanist terms ‘AF’ and ‘NAF’ refer to intransitive and transitive verbs respectively, and once this is recognized, almost all Formosan languages turn out to be grammatically ergative. The grammatical framework used in analyzing the data is a combination of dependency grammar and seamless morphology.