漢語「過」的概念化

Conceptualizations of GUO in Mandarin

本文從認知語法的角度討論漢語「過」的多義性。認知語法認為義涵即是廣義的概念化，「過」的詞類內部與詞類之間的多項涵義，乃是來自相關基底中不同次結構的指定。而在空間輪廓的刻畫中，隱喻則透過認知範疇的轉換，使這個多義詞的語意更加豐富。此外，藉由漢語「過」與英語cross/across的比較顯示，語言形式的概念化在某種程度上是有語言個別差異性的。

This paper discusses the polysemy of Mandarin GUO from the perspective of cognitive grammar, which equates meaning to conceptualization in the broad sense. The related senses of GUO are closely examined within a single category and across categories, and are subject to a variety of substructure designations from the relevant bases. In the characterization of spatial schemas, metaphor provides a convenient avenue to enrich the polysemy by mapping one cognitive domain to another. A comparison between GUO and cross/across in English indicates that conceptualizations of linguistic forms are to some extent languagespecific.