中醫治療流感之近年回顧性文獻探討

Literature Review of Influenza Treatment from Traditional Chinese Medicine in Recent Years

隨著現代醫學的進步，公共衛生的概念普及，許多傳染性疾病多半可以在大規模爆發前受到控制，但造成流感的流感病毒，因其構造可以不斷重新組合進而產生變異，過一段時間便會捲土重來造成疫情的大流行，這始終是醫事人員及醫療研究專家無法解決的難題。雖然在中醫古籍裡並沒有「流感」這個病名的記載，但是自《黃帝內經》開始便有許多與「流感」的證型、致病原因、發病特點或症狀相似的疾病記錄，流感在中醫可歸類為疫毒之邪，如疫氣、疫戾、癘氣或戾氣等範疇。這說明了中醫藥治療流感的經驗已有幾千年的歷史，中醫根據不同體質的失衡給予不同的治療調理，以期達到身心皆平衡的健康狀態。而流感開始受到台灣中、西醫界的注意及引起民眾的恐慌，莫過於2003年爆發的SARS，甚至國際上、兩岸也紛紛投入研究，但當SARS的疫情漸受控制後，隨之而來的是禽流感與新型流感的流行。故本研究搜集國際與兩岸的醫學期刊對流感之研究文獻，整理並歸納出可行的治療流感方針，且與臨床的運用分析比對，以期加入現代醫學的行列中，提供實證醫學研究，使中醫更符合現代的需求，提升現代臨床醫生運用思維，給予民眾更完善的醫療環境。

With the advancement of the Western medicine, and the more popularity of the concept of public health, most of the epidemic diseases can be controlled before a large-scale outbreak. However, the structure of the influenza virus can continually undergo antigenic shift and drift, over a period of time, the emergence of new viral pathogen will cause the pandemic disease again. Up to now, the influenza has been still an obsession for the medical personnel and experts. In ancient Chinese medical books which have no recording of the word ＂influenza＂, but there are many symptoms, causes, and syndromes similar to the characteristics and causes of the influenza disease since the Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic（Huangdi Neijing, 黃帝內經）. Therefore, the cause of influenza in Chinese medicine should belongs to the epidemic pathogen, pestilence or latent qi etc. According to this, we understand that the experience of the influenza treatment in TCM has been for thousands of years. The treatments in the Chinese medicine are depending on the imbalanced constitution of patients and achieving the equilibrium health state of body and mind. The influenza began to attract the Western and Chinese medical fields' attention and cause the panic of population since the outbreak of SARS in 2003, moreover, the international and the both sides of the straits' researchers have delved into the study of SARS. When the SARS epidemic was under control gradually, the bird flu and new influenza epidemic happened consequently. This study collected, organized and summarized the useful treatment of influenza from the modern TCM data by searching the network of international and Chinese medical journals, and even our native study about the flu. Therefore, this study also analyzed and compared with the clinical treatment in order to let the TCM join the modern medical study and provide the research of evidence-based medicine. In conclusion, we believe that making the TCM correspond with the modern needs and enhancing the TCM clinicians' thinking of treatment can give people a better medical environment.