從《理虛元鑒》探討虛勞之病因和治療

Investigate the Etiology and Treatment about Consumptive Disease from “Li-Xu- Yuan-Jian”

《理虛元鑒》為明末醫家汪綺石所撰寫，是一部詳盡敘述如何治療虛勞病證的專著。該書編撰嚴謹，且辨證論治及立法遣藥獨具一格。本文就《理虛元鑒》中「虛勞病」的學術思想進行初步探討，包含虛勞之病因病機、學術起源、治法和治則，以及不同方劑之間的組成比較等角度闡述汪氏對虛勞之論治。汪綺石提倡「三本二統」和「虛勞六因」為治療虛勞病之核心理論，汪氏將虛勞病分為兩個部分，包含陽虛成勞和陰虛成勞，主要之治療法則為補益脾胃氣血和滋養肺腎之陰。汪氏對虛勞病的治療不僅繼承了傳統，更有他獨到的診治經驗，是值得我們臨床學習和應用的。

Li-Xu-Yuan-Jian, written by Wang Qi Shi at the end of Ming dynasty, is a fine detailed and original monograph for treating the consumptive disease. Li- Xu-Yuan-Jian was compiled strictly and recorded treatments based on different syndromes and many prescriptions. The academic thoughts of Li-Xu-Yuan-Jian in treating the consumptive disease were analyzed in this study which includes pathogenesis, academic origin, treatment, and comparing the difference between the decoctions in the form of there composition. Wang Qi Shi advocated ＂Sanben Ertong＂and six etiology theory, which are the principle of treating the consumptive disease. Qi Shi divided consumptive disease into two parts, which include yang deficiency pattern and ying deficiency pattern. The main therapeutic principle is strengthen the spleen, benefit qi and nourish blood, enrich lung yin and kidney yin. Wang's treatment in consumptive disease not only inherited the tradition, but also got distinct experiences, which are worthy to learn and application in clinic.