以潛在類別模式模化計程收費下高速公路駕駛人之運具及路線選擇移轉行為

Modeling Freeway Driver Behavioral Changes in Mode and Route Choices under Distance-based Toll Scheme: A Latent Class Approach

為了解高速公路駕駛人因應里程計費及每日免費里程機制的反應行為，本研究利用敘述性偏好問卷 (stated preference experiment) 調查臺北、臺中及高雄三大都會區高速公路駕駛人，以了解不同收費情境下之運具及路線轉移行為。此外，為考量駕駛人的個體偏好差異，本文採用潛在類別模式 (latentclass model, LCM) 模化高速公路使用者的選擇行為。推估結果顯示旅次長度、居住地區及年齡為影響分群之關鍵變數，並將高速公路使用者分為三群：(1)一般高速公路使用者 (2) 短程──高所得及 (3) 長程──低所得，不同分群對旅行時間及旅行成本的偏好具有顯著的差異。本文進一步針對不同通行費率及優惠里程之情境進行分析與比較，以供主管機關參考。

This study aims to develop the mode and route choice model of freewaydrivers to investigate the potential impacts of various distance-toll schemes withand without daily credit of free-mileage. To acknowledge the heterogeneity in thepreferences of freeway drivers, the latent class models (LCM) are developed basedon the stated-preference designed questionnaire surveys on drivers in Taipei,Taichung and Kaohsiung metropolitans. The estimation results show that triplength, residential area, and driver age are three key segmentation variables thatclassify freeway drivers into three groups: 1) Ordinary freeway drivers; 2) Highincome drivers with short-range trips; and 3) Low-income drivers with long-rangetrips. Scenario analyses on various toll rates and various daily credits of freemileage are conducted and compared.