工作權之權利內涵及國家義務－－以經濟社會文化權利國際公約作為借鏡

The Legal Nature of Right to Work and State Obligations- Lesson learnt from ICESCR

本文探討工作權之權利本質內容以及國家保障工作權所必須承擔之義務範圍。首先，本文先解釋為何以經濟社會文化權利國際公約（International Covenant on Economic,Social and Cultural Rights）作為借鏡，筆者分別從國內學術發展、大法官釋憲與國際人權條約、我國批准公民及政治權利國際公約（International Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights）與經濟社會文化權利國際公約討論之。其次，探究工作權之權利本質及內容，最後討論國家保障工作權所必須承擔之義務範圍，並以我國之學說及實務見解與經濟社會文化權利國際公約之相關內涵作比較分析，希冀能提供國內借鏡。

This article aims to ascertain the legal nature of the right to work and defines the parameter of state’s obligations in safeguarding that rights enjoyed by its people. In the beginning, the author explains the reason why there is lesson learnt from ICESCR and discusses the academic debates, Interpretation of Constitution and international human right instruments, and the ratification of ICCPR and ICESCR occurred in Taiwan. Then, large efforts are put on analyzing the legal natures of the right to work. Finally, the author defines the parameter of state’s obligation in safeguarding the people’s right to work from a variety of school of thoughts, jurisprudence and the comments of ICESCR.