居家護理人員的角色功能及其相關因素探討

The Role Functions and Related Factors of Home Health Care Nurses

本研究之目的在於暸解居家護理人員對居家護理角色功能的執行與期望及其影響因素。本研究設計為橫斷式調查法，研究對象為全台灣地區居家護理所之居家護理人員。居家護理人員執行及期望角色功能量表之Cronbach’s α各為.94及.96，其內容效度之CVI值.83，建構效度採因素分析法，萃取出居家護理人員四個角色功能：健康諮詢者、服務提供者、研究者與教育者。研究結果呈現，角色執行的預測因子為「居家護理年資」、「臨床護理年資」、人格性向的「活動性」、「機構型態」與「職稱」，可解釋變異量為31％。角色期望的預測因子為人格性向的「活動性」、「機構型態」、「安閒性」及「居家護理年資」，可解釋變異量為24％。本研究建議居家護理單位應設立管理規章，並留任資深居家護理人員，同時提供繼續教育，以強化居家護理人員角色功能的發揮。

The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between expectation and performance for HHCNs’ (Home health care nurses’) roles, and to explore the major predictors of expectation and performance for HHCNs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a total of 241 subjects in Taiwan. The Cronbach’s α of HHCNs’ role performance and role expectation were .94 and .96 respectively. Content validity index was .83. The construct validity of HHCNs’ role performance was investigated by factor analysis. Four roles were identified: health consultant, service provider, researcher and educator. The factors “working experience”, “general activity” personality traits, “type of agency”, and “job title” together explained 31% of the variability in role performance. The factors “general activity”, “type of agency”, “rhathymia”, and “working experience” together explained 24% of the total variability in role expectation. To improve the quality of home health care, agencies should develop management rules and seek to retain experienced HHCNs. Also, continuing education is required.