綠色航運下環境救助法之研究

The Study on the Environmental Salvage Law under Green Shipping

落實綠色航運之理念，重視船舶污染防治與保護海洋環境，已經成為國際社會須共同面對的重要課題，且為航運政策的發展目標。本文乃將環境救助法制納入綠色航運實務的研究議題，對海難救助法在環境保護領域的法制進行分析、闡釋、評估及論證。本文分析1989年國際海難救助公約在環境救助法之規範內涵，及現行公約的特別補償制度所面臨之適用爭議，進而探討實務上「船東互保協會特別補償條款」之替代解決方案。依據研究結果顯示，海上環境救助法制乃由國際統一國際公約與國際慣例所形成，故本文參酌國際海上環境保護法制之立法借鏡，擬具我國海商法之修正建議，俾使之與國際規範接軌，健全我國環境救助法制，期能成為航運主管機關與相關單位之參考。

The green shipping practice is to carry out the prevention of vessel pollutionas well as the protection of marine environment, which has become a commonissue for the international society and an important goal in marine policy. Under the concept of green shipping practice, this paper reviews the legal development ofenvironmental salvage law in respect of the scheme of special compensation in the1989 Salvage Convention. After examining the disputes in the application of Article14 special compensation clause, this paper finds out the alternative solution isinvoking the Special Compensation of P&I Clause (SCOPIC Clause) incorporatedinto an LOF contract, which completely replaces the questioned Article 14 inpractice. Finally, this paper makes suggestions to the Authority for the regulatoryreform of the legal system of environmental salvage law in Taiwan, based on therelevant international conventions and legal practice.