輕度失智駕駛者交通事故模型之建構

Constructing the Traffic Crash Models for Mild Dementia Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

患有失智症的駕駛者其駕駛能力因生理、心理狀態的變化而開始改變，在駕駛車輛的過程中，可能增加危險狀況發生的機率。本研究藉由家庭成員對失智者日常行為的觀察建構評估輕度失智駕駛者交通事故模型。日常行為表現與失智者之交通事故次數、受傷程度及迷路次數均呈現負相關，若能提升輕度失智駕駛者日常行為表現將有助於降低交通事故發生機率；輕度失智駕駛者日常行為表現愈差，一旦發生交通事故，受傷程度為較嚴重的機率越高。本研究提出相關建議，例如由家庭成員陪伴駕駛、事先協助路線導航、告誡家中長者須減少或禁止駕駛，政府機關應透過交通費補貼政策引導失智者搭乘大眾或副大眾運輸工具，減少交通事故發生機率。

The driving performance of people with dementia will be different when theirphysical and mental state changed. If the drivers cannot be aware of their ownphysical condition and continue to drive, the probability of occurrence of dangeroussituation will increase. This study constructs four traffic crash risk models based uponEveryday Behavior Questionnaire (EBQ) filled by dementia patients’ family members.The results reveal that the everyday behavior has a significant and negativecorrelation with the number of traffic crashes, the severity of injury, and the numberof getting lost in the last three years. Besides, the risk of serious severity of injury willget higher when the everyday behavior of drivers with mild dementia is poor. Finally,we propose some management implications and suggestions, for example, familymembers accompany with the dementia to drive, navigate the route before going onthe road, and even warn the dementia should reduce driving. The government shouldprovide transport subsidies to attract dementia patients to use public transport orpara-transit services to reduce the risk of traffic crashes.