台灣地區製造之包裝飲用水之微生物分佈

Microflora of Bottled Water Manufactured in Taiwan

本國的水源，由於工業的高度發展及廢水處理上的瓶頸，以致飲用水遭受污染而不堪飲用，對各種飲用水中微生物分佈之現況缺乏了解以及是否會影響國人健康，實堪憂慮。有鑑於此，於民國80年7月至81年6月止，本局選定國內13家包裝飲用水製造廠，針對其水源、半成品及成品之微生物狀況進行調查。水源中有3家檢出優勢菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa，5家含有Enterobacteriaceae菌及streptococci。水源經過各廠自訂之過濾等方式處理後，仍有5家含有微生物（包括Pseudomonas aeruginosa及Streptococcus spp.）在成品方面，可能因瓶蓋、空瓶及填充室未保持無菌狀態，以致有8家含有微生物，而且所含的菌相與水源、半成品中所發現的不完全一致，甚至有1家分離出Shigella、Vibrio及Yersinia等致病菌。另有1家被鑑定出的菌多達6種，其中2種是水中優勢菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Acinetobacter calcoaceticus），2種是衛生指標菌（Streptococcus faecalis及Streptococcus faecium）。由以上可知Pseudomonas aeruginosa及fecal streptococci當可做為包裝飲用水的衛生指標菌。

Some of the drinking water sources are polluted in Taiwan. Microbiological status and sanitary condition of the bottled drinking water and their sources has not been studied. From July 1991 to June 1992, microbiology of watersources, processing and final products of thirteen bottled water manufacturers were investigated. Water sources of three manufacturers' were contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and five with Enterobacteriaceae and streptococci. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus species were detected in the treated waters of five manufacturers. Bottled waters of eight manufacturers' were contaminated with some hygiene-related bacteria. Shigella, Vibrio and Yersinia species were found in one product. Another one was contaminated with some predominate flora (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter ca/coaceticus) and indicator bacteria (Streptococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus faecium). It is our suggestions that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fecal streptococci should be used as indicator organisms for bottled water.