制定我國二氧化碳封存規範 ——以國際法作為參考及出發點

Starting to Map out Taiwan's Legal Framework Concerning Carbon Storage: On the Basis of the London Protocol

近來氣候變遷已造成各國嚴重衝擊，例如：歐美國家在2009年經歷冷冽的寒冬後，2010年夏天飽受酷暑的煎熬；2013年海燕颱風侵襲菲律賓，是菲國有史以來最強的風暴；2015年、2016年亞洲國家亦受到大地乾旱或洪水氾濫的侵害。因此，如何減緩氣候變遷是國際社會急於解決的問題，而當中二氧化碳捕獲與封存已被證實是氣候變遷減緩非常重要的方式之一。但是，二氧化碳捕獲與封存的技術仍在快速發展，面對如此不確定的狀態下，國際法及國內法該如何對其加以規範，以促進二氧化碳捕獲與封存技術的發展，並確保人類生命安全、健康以及環境保護？本文認為我國可參照倫敦議定書的修訂，將海床下二氧化碳封存納入規範中，作為我國規範二氧化碳封存的出發點。

Recently, climate change has caused serious impacts and harm on humans. For example, after being in an extremely cold winter in 2009, western countries had been suffering an extremely hot summer in 2010. In 2013, super typhoon Haiyan, one of strongest storms ever, hit Philippines. Also, Asian countries had been damaged by drought or flood during 2015 to 2016. Therefore, how to mitigate climate change becomes the tough issue. Carbon Capture and Storage, among others, proved as one of the most important strategies for climate change mitigation. Nonetheless, Carbon Capture and Storage technology is still developing and scientific understanding is unclear. It is a challenge for the international community and countries to lay out regulations on this developing subject in order to help the deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage projects and ensure the safety of humans and the environment. This article argues that the way which the London Protocol regulates the storage of carbon dioxide in sub-seabed geological formations could be a good and start-up law-making model for Taiwan.