藥膳養生之文獻研究：以杜仲為例

The Study of the Literature in Health Preservation of Herbal Cuisine: Regard Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. as the Example

藥膳是中國醫藥的重要組成之一，具有悠久的歷史與豐富的內涵，依其作用可分為三大類，滋補強身類、治療疾病類與保健益壽類；雖然杜仲藥膳的作用不外乎補肝腎、強筋骨，臨床上以調理腎虛腰腿痠痛或懷孕產後補養為主，但經過靈活的運用可分為九大類，包括季節補養藥膳、滋陰壯陽藥膳、益肝補腎藥膳、溫陽補腎藥膳、強心健腦藥膳、補腎袪濕藥膳、燒燙修復藥膳、孕產兩用藥膳以及延年益壽藥膳等，以上諸多杜仲藥膳具有不同的適應症、功效與禁忌，重要的是所配伍的食材大都以羊腎、豬腎等為主，顯示藥膳利用以形補形的概念達到增強固腎強腰的養生功能，配伍的藥材，亦以強精、壯骨、溫補壯陽等藥物較多，如川斷、肉蓯蓉等，取其加強杜仲溫補腎陽的作用，最終以達延年益壽抗衰老的保健功能為主。

Herbal cuisine was the important element that possessed long history and rich connotation in traditional Chinese medicine. Herbal cuisine was divided into three kinds of different function such as body tonic, disease treatment and health care. The major functions were recuperate lumbocrural pain caused by kidney deficiency and supplement of pregnant and after delivery in clinic though the function of herbal cuisine Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was supplementing liver and kidney and strengthening the bones and muscles. Herbal cuisine Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were divided into 9 kinds of different function such as herbal cuisine seasonal supplement, herbal cuisine beneficial yin and yang, herbal cuisine supplementing liver and kidney, herbal cuisine warming yang and invigorating the kidney, herbal cuisine strong heart and brain, herbal cuisine tonifying kidney and removing dampness, herbal cuisine hot repair, herbal cuisine motherhood dual-purpose and herbal cuisine prolong life by flexibly using a variety in clinic, above all the kinds of herbal cuisine possessed different indication, efficacy and contraindications. It was important that all the compatibility of the dietary foods were kidneys in sheep and swine, and this indicated that achieve the purpose of health preservation with strengthening waist of kidney in order to form filling form a concept was used in herbal cuisine. The compatibility of medicines were more and more energetic, strengthen bones and warming yang such as Chinese herbs Teasel and Cistanche Deserticola that possessed the function of strengthening and warming kidney yang of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.. The final goal of health preservation was achieve prolong life and anti-aging in herbal cuisine Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.