結構研究視野下的《老子》材料討論

A Discussion of the Lao Tzu Materials from a Structural Perspective

對於傳世本《老子》結構，應該分清是得之古本還是整理者自己的意見。帛書《老子》都是分章的，只是抄寫時有不同處理而已。帛書本結構較簡本雖有變化，但仍未形成今本的「八十一章」格局。郭店《老子》並非其時《老子》的足本，而只是一部分。但「部分」卻並不意味著它們為「摘抄本」，尤其不是按照「主題」需要作剪裁、「摘抄」的結果。郭店《老子》甲、乙兩組實際上是當時《老子》「分組別行」存在形態的具體體現。「分組別行」與「混於一編」有著並行的可能。

As for the structure of current versions of the Lao Tzu 老子, it is necessary to discriminate which follow ancient editions and which are based on the opinions of those who compiled them. The silk Lao Tzu editions are made of chapters that had been handled differently during the copying process. Although the structure of the silk Lao Tzu editions changed compared to the bamboo editions, the features that we see in current editions, such as the division into eighty-one chapters, had not yet taken shape. The Guo Dian郭店 bamboo edition was not the complete copy, but only one part. However, this does not mean that it was excerpted from the complete version and divided into subjects. Rather, the Guo Dian Lao Tzu A and B represents versions of the Lao Tzu that were extant at the time, which followed the pattern of fen zu bie xing分組別行. There is also the possibility that the pattern fen zu bie xing and hun yu yi bian 混於一編 existed simultaneously.