真空包裝食品中長桿菌屬細菌之汙染

Occurrence of Bacillus Species in Vacuum-packed Foods

自民國78年9月至79年6月間，抽購真空包裝食品253件，進行長桿菌屬細菌（Bacillus species）之檢驗。計有89件（35.2%） 檢體檢出含Bacillus spp.，其中肉類加工製品之檢出率為28.8%，水產加工品為16.4%，蔬菜加工品為61.8%，，穀類加工品為32.2%，其菌量主要以<102 CFU/g 為主，占64.0% （57/89），以蔬菜加工製品中的醃漬檢出率最高；以菌的種類而言，則以B. subtilis、B. cereus、B. megaterium之檢出率最高，分別為14.2%、13.0%、9.1%。B. cereus主要分離自蔬菜類及穀類加工品，其菌量在肉類及水產加工品均≦102 CFU/g，穀類均≦8.0X×102 CFU/g，蔬菜類以≦ 102 CFU/g為主。B. subtilis 及B. megaterium主要分離自蔬菜類加工製品。除此外，尚由真空包裝食品分離到B. subtilis var. niger、B. pumilus、B. coagulans、B. licheniformis、B. sphaericus、B. circulans及B. macerans。

A total of 253 vacuum-packed food samples, collected from Sep. through Jun. 1990, were examined for the presence of Bacillus species. The bacilli were isolated from 89 (35.2%) samples. Bacilli were found in 28.8% of meat products; 16.4% of marine products; 61.8% of vegetable products and 322% of cereal products, mostly less than 102 CFU/g. Bacillus strains were characterized biochemically, and the most .frequently isolated strains were B. subtilis (14.2%), B. cereus (13.0%) and B. megaterium (9.1%). B. cereus was mainly isolated from vacuum-packed vegetable and cereal products, B. subtilis and B. megaterium were recovered mostly from vegetable and meat products. B. subtilis var. niger, B. pumilus, B. coagulans, B. licheniformis, B. sphaericus, B. circulans and B. macerans were also isolated from vacuum-packed food samples.