能源消費與供給的澳洲觀點：對國際政治經濟的意義

Australian Perspective on Energy Use and Supply: implications for the international political economy

今日能源產業面臨能源公平、能源安全與環境所共構的「三難困境」（trilemma）。對既是消費者又是全球能源商品供給者的澳洲而言遭遇諸多挑戰，亟待以確保克服其能源業界仍維持競爭力。各國在2015年聯合國氣候峰會(COP21)，即《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》第21次締約方會議上所做的承諾顯示有關再生能源與核能的能源消費將會增加，但石油、煤與天然氣仍會是世界能源組合的關鍵成分。然而能源市場近年來呈現越來越不確定高不確定性的特徵，主要是受到政策改變、不確定的經濟環境與不明確的投資訊息因素的影響。身為生產者的澳洲在此供應者日益增加的市場裡應不斷尋求方法來維持競爭力。

5 May 2016, International conference on energy and international relations. Thank you to National Chengchi University for inviting me to address the International Conference on Energy and International Relations this morning. It is an interesting time to be analysing energy markets given the rapidly changing dynamics of the sector. Over the past year alone, energy prices, particularly oil, have declined rapidly and new policy commitments were made in the lead-up to the Conference of Parties 21 (COP21) that are likely to reshape energy consumption trends across many countries.