漢藏語關係詞聲母對應之檢討

On Initial Correspondences of Sino-Tibetan Related Words

本文借重龔煌城先生識別的漢藏關係詞來分析漢藏之間的聲母對應，主要考察了上古漢語與藏文複輔音聲母 Cv-C- 之間的關係，發現漢藏關係詞中反映出的一對多現象，而對這些現象的不同解釋說明了一個漢藏比較中亟需解決的問題，即，應該以藏語複輔音的哪一成分來匹配上古漢語中的單一聲母？內部演變、接觸造成的時間層次或者構詞變化在文中逐一試用來解決其中的矛盾。但是，仍然有相當多的“漢藏關係詞＂之間的語音對應關係不能得到合理解釋。結果說明，當前的漢藏關係詞認定在語音對應上的基礎性研究亟待加強。

The initial correspondences of Sino-Tibetan related words identified by Gong Hwang-cherng are reanalyzed in this paper. The Old Chinese correspondences to Written Tibetan consonant clusters, Cv-C-, are taken as examples to show one-tomany matches in initial correspondences of Sino-Tibetan related words. The interpretation on those matches highlights the problem about what part of Written Tibetan consonant cluster is appropriate to be compared with the single initial in Old Chinese. Internal changes, chronological layers induced by language contact and morphological process are tried to solve this problem. However, many correspondences remain inexplicable. The results then show the serious handicap in justifying the genuine Sino-Tibetan cognates.