漢語顯性個體比較結構中的變色龍成分

The Chameleon in the Chinese Individual Exceed Comparative

漢語的「X A-了D」結構是一種顯性的個體比較結構，當中的隱性個體比較項pro 必須受到動貌標記「－－了」的認可。這個個體比較項有著如變色龍般的指涉特性，這個特性使得「X A-了D」結構顯現出岐義的現象。因為個體比較項pro 並不是一個程度詞組，句中形容詞的程度論元僅能藉由句中表差值的數量詞組來加以滿足和限制，也因此表差值的數量詞組不能被刪略。

The X A-le D construction is an explicit individual exceed comparative, in which the aspectual suffix -le licenses the covert individual-denoting compared object pro. The reference of this compared object is chameleon-like, which makes it possible for this type of comparative to be ambiguous between the stative and the dynamic meaning. Since this compared object is not a degree term, the differential measure phrase inside becomes the only possible candidate that can indirectly bind the degree argument of the adjective by restricting the degree argument that represents the difference between the compared objects.