台灣四縣客語量詞“尾”(mi24) 的範疇結

Categorical Structure of the Classifier mi24‘tail’in Sixian Hakka

本文利用戴浩一等 (1997) 設計的漢語方言量詞誘發方式及相關配套心理實驗收集台灣苗栗地區四縣客語量詞「尾」(mi24) 的使用分布情形，進而建構其範疇結構，發現「魚」、「蛇」為其中心成員，而「龍」、「蜥蜴」、「蝦」等為較邊緣成員。本文因此介紹了一種嶄新的方言量詞調查方法及描述。本研究之語料收集以苗栗地區未受過教育且不識字，不會說國語及閩南語的客家老人為受試者（二十人），也為流失相當嚴重的台灣四縣客語留下珍貴的語料。

In this study, a new method is designed to collect classifiers in Chinese dialects. This method consists of three related psycholinguistic experiments: classifier production, rating, and listing. Twenty illiterate, monolingual Hakka speakers in Miaoli County, Taiwan, were selected for our study. Based on the data elicited from the twenty subjects through the three experiments, we are able to construct the categorical structure of the classifier mi24 ‘tail’ in Sixian Hakka, its center members being fish and snake, with dragon, lizard, shrimp, and others as more peripheral members. As the monolingual Hakka speakers are disappearing fast, this study also preserves a set of precious data for Sixian Hakka as used in Taiwan.