心理空間理論與「梁祝十八相送」之隱喻研究

Mental Spaces Theory and Metaphors in Butterfly Lovers

本文以心理空間理論 (Mental Spaces Theory) (Fauconnier 1994, 1997, Fauconnier and Turner 2002) 來探討「梁山伯與祝英台」電影中之「十八相送」的隱喻現象。我們認為言談中的「上下文語境」在隱喻研究扮演重要的角色，而言談中隱喻的產生是一種概念的投射 (mapping) 及融合現象(blending) ， 文中並提出預設 (presupposition) 可隨著言談向下擴展(Optimization)，限制字面意義延伸成比喻意義，亦可隨著言談的進行向上漂流 (Upward Floating of presupposition)，將言談中所提過的字面意義重新詮釋為比喻意義，證明了意義並非完全附著於語言的形式上，有些意義是由言談的上下文所建構而來的。

Metaphors in the film Butterfly Lovers are examined within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory (Fauconnier 1994, 1997, Fauconnier & Turner 2002), illustrating how context in discourse plays an important role in the interpretation of metaphor. We propose that metaphorical interpretations in Butterfly Lovers result from conceptual blending (partial cross-space mappings). In addition, we demonstrate how the Optimization of presupposition obstructs the metaphorical interpretation and how the Upward Floating of presupposition reinterprets the same context from literal meaning into metaphorical meaning.