青海西寧的語言態度

Language Attitudes in Xining, Qinghai

有觀察指出，青海西寧居民普遍對於自己的方言評價不高，為了更深入追蹤這個族群現象，本研究對西寧居民進行青海方言語言態度的量化調查。本研究設計了一個問卷，用以測量西寧居民對其本地方言以及普通話在情感上、認知上以及語言使用上的語言態度。調查的結果顯示正負評價參半：語言使用方面的語言態度是負面的，認知方面的語言態度是正面的，而情感方面則是正負面參半。在西安和成都所做的後續調查則顯示，與這些地方相比，西寧居民對他們自己的方言具有較多負面評價。這項研究顯示出，中國各地居民對自己方言的語言態度有很大的差異，必須進行深入的研究，才能更進一步瞭解今日中國方言如何進行變化。

Following up ethnographic observations that indicated residents of Xining in Qinghai Province generally had low regard for the local dialect, this study is a quantitative investigation of the attitudes of Xining residents towards the Qinghai dialect. Residents responded to a questionnaire designed to measure the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of their attitude towards their local dialect and Standard Chinese. The results of the survey are mixed: the behavioral component suggests a negative attitude, the cognitive component suggests a positive attitude, and the affective component is mixed. Smaller follow-up surveys carried out in Xi’an and Chengdu suggest that, in comparison with those places, residents of Xining have a negative attitude toward their local dialect. This research suggests there are a variety of attitudes toward local dialects in China and that further work should be done to further our understanding of how dialects are changing in China today.