護理人員的職場壓力諮商－－社區諮商模式

Workplace Stress Counseling for Nurses: A Community Counseling Model

護理人員是醫療生態中不可或缺的角色，且護理品質攸關著醫療成敗。然而護理工作本身即是一項高壓力的工作，而過大、難以負荷的壓力將會造成職業耗竭（burnout）的發生，進而影響護理人員職場滿意度、流動率、甚至病人安全等。過去臨床護理人員的職場壓力一直以來為護理官、學、業界重視之議題。雖不斷有各種改善護理環境之計畫與政策推動，然而其僅針對護理執業環境作為著力點，非深入涉及人員心理、社會及文化因素之影響。本文旨在介紹社區諮商模式，並擬出一套改善臨床護理人員職場壓力之策略方案，希望透過社區諮商模式的介入，能改善臨床護理人員職場壓力與預防耗竭的問題，期能提供護理先進同仁參考，並可以此模式創造屬於各醫院或組織之方案。

Nurses play an integral role in providing medical services, with the quality of nursing care related closely to the level of success that these services achieve. Nursing is a high-stress occupation with a relatively high risk of work burnout, which has been associated with reduced workplace satisfaction, increased turnover, and reduced patient safety. In recent years, the high level of work-related stress in nursing has been an important issue for the government, academia, and industry. Although various plans and policies have been developed to improve the nursing environment in order to reduce stress, these have focused only on the general nursing-practice environment without substantive consideration of the impact of psychological, social, and cultural factors on nursing work stress. The present article introduces a community-counseling model and proposes a strategic plan that is designed to reduce the workplace stress of clinical nurses. We hope that the proposed model may substantially improve the problem of nursing stress and prevent work burnout. This model provides a reference for advanced nursing colleagues. Associated programs may be developed for other hospitals and organizations that use the community-counseling model.