社區專科護理師發展之國際趨勢與挑戰

Development Trends and Future Challenges in Community Nurse Practitioner

隨著醫療科技的進步、人口及疾病結構的變遷及在地老化潮流的推行等多重因素的影響，社區衛生護理需求日漸增加，已成為全世界的共識。在我國，由於國民生活水準的提昇、公共衛生政策的施行及醫療科技的進步，使得國人平均壽命延長，造成人口老化、慢性疾病影響國人生活品質至鉅，因此社區衛生護理的實務工作更具有獨立性、複雜性及挑戰性。本文整理國際間社區護理實務模式與社區專科護理師發展的內容，就我國專科護理師發展的現況，提出未來我國社區專科護理師制度發展之建議，期望能提供政府單位制定相關政策之參考。

Community health nursing is an innovative aspect of healthcare that has grown in response to changing environmental and social structure changes into a worldwide movement. Taiwan's fast growing elderly population, improving health technologies and rising healthcare costs impact significantly upon the development and definition of the scope of practice for community health nurse nurses. This paper explores the innovative community care model development experiences of several countries and reviews the scope of practice of community health nurse practitioners in each. We further explore the current situation of nurse practitioners in Taiwan and suggest a future path for Taiwan community health nurse practitioners development and policymaking.