易感性的概念分析

Concept Analysis of susceptibility

本文是以Walker及Avant（1995）概念分析的方法檢視易感性（susceptibility）概念的定義特徵、前因及後果。經由文獻資料分析後，確定易感性的定義特徵為：（1）個體（某群體）具某些特質；（2）個體（某群體）在特定時間暴露於特定環境受到影響的機率大於一般人（一般群體）；（3）影響後造成的改變結果通常具傷害性；（4）這些改變在預期的時間就會發生。易感性的前因是個體需暴露於特定會被影響的環境。後果是發生傷害、缺失，負向結果的可能性大增，但個體具有某些能力可控制改變的結果。分析結果可提供護理專業更精確地運用易感性的概念於健康照護領域。

This conceptual analysis of susceptibility used the method described by Walker & Avant (1995) to analyze the attributes, antecedent and consequence of susceptibility. By review and analysis of the related literature we found that the defined characteristics of susceptibility were the following: (1) A person (or a group of people) has some specific characteristics. (2) A person (or a group of people) has a relatively high degree of probability of experiencing influences while being exposed at a certain time point to a certain environment. (3) The changes caused by the influences usually result in some harm to a person (or a group of people). (4) The changes will usually occur within an expected timeframe. The antecedent to susceptibility is that a person (or a group of people) should be exposed to the specific influencing environment. The consequence is an increase in the possibility and level of harm, defect and negative outcome. The person nevertheless retains some ability to control the changes. The article hopes that nursing professionals can precisely apply the results from this conceptual analysis of susceptibility as they provide health care services.