照顧一位病情曝光愛滋病患之護理經驗

The Experience of Nursing an AIDS Patient Whose Secret Was Divulged to His Family

本篇主要描述一位因性行為而意外感染愛滋病患者，在住院期間因醫療人員無意向親友透露其罹病訊息，引發親友之間的恐慌與排斥，進而造成個案在獨自面對疾病同時仍需承受旁人異樣眼光所產生的心理壓力。筆者於2005年1月20日至2005年1月31日期間，透過觀察、身體評估、會談及電訪家屬等方式收集資料。個案在護理過程中因家人及親友漠視與對醫護人員的不信任，造成心理焦慮及害怕、罪惡感及自責、預期性哀傷、社交隔離及低自尊的問題，由於疾病的曝光造成對個案在心理層面問題加劇，因此針對心理層面問題做探討。筆者運用Watson照護理論，主動傾聽關懷個案需求，透過護理活動的介入，在護理過程中筆者以同理心及客觀、真誠的態度，與個案建立良好信任關係，來達到整體性護理的目標。希望藉由此次的照護經驗，讓護理人員重視愛滋病患護理的獨特性並喚起對隱私權的重視。

This article concerns an Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patient who had contracted the disease through casual sex. The secret of the nature of his disease was accidentally divulged to his family and friends by his care provider. The patient was rejected by his family and friends. The nursing experience of caring for the physical and psychological symptoms of the patient was reported. The author collected data through observation, physical assessment, interview, and telephone communication from January 20, 2005 to January 31, 2005. Because of the disease and his alienation from family and friends, the patient felt a lack of trust for his care provider, as well as anxiety, fear, a sense of guilt, self-recrimination, sadness and low self-esteem. The psychological symptoms were aggravated by the divulgence to family and friends of the fact that his disease was AIDS. The nursing problems were studied. The Watson theory of care was applied carefully. The patient was cared for with empathy and a positive attitude. A relationship of trust was established and the objective of quality care was accomplished. The nursing experience of caring for AIDS patients is unique. The privacy of the patient must be respected.