靜脈輸液與護理之相關議題

Peripheral I.V. Therapy and Nursing

靜脈輸液是臨床上常見且重要的治療，然而因其引發的醫療爭議卻一再發生。本文針對靜脈輸液治療前的評估與注意事項、輸液外滲預防、觀察與處理，以及面對司法相關問題時的注意重點進行文獻整理。其中包括進行注射治療前，護理人員應評估的病人需求以及該思考的問題，學者對於預防靜脈輸液合併症發生的一些建議，檢查靜脈輸液是否順暢的方法，處理輸液外滲的護理方式，還有在護理紀錄上應紀錄的重點，以及萬一遇上醫療糾紛時應注意的事項。藉由文獻整理，提供國外的一些做法及新觀念，期望作為臨床上護理人員執行業務時的參考。

Peripheral intra vein (I.V.) therapy is common and important in clinical practice, and the arguments about I.V. therapy are still being put forward. Reviewing the relevant literature, this article identifies the points for attention and evaluation prior to I.V. therapy, methods to prevent and manage peripheral extravasation, and important points about legal aspects of I.V. therapy. These include tips on assessing patient needs, scholars views on preventing disease combinations caused by I.V. therapy, methods for verifying the efficacy of the therapy, important points about record-keeping and I.V therapy and advice on dealing with an I.V. therapy lawsuit. The recommendations should be useful to nurses in clinical practice.