民族誌決策樹模式簡介

Introduction to Ethnographic Decision Tree Modeling

隨著健康照護科技的快速變化，病患常需在陌生且高壓力的情境下做醫療決定，護理人員必須先瞭解他們的決策過程及決策的意義才能協助病患發展適切的決策策略。民族誌決策樹模式是一種研究方法學的三角交叉，包含質性和量性的研究。第一階段運用民族誌學方法從局內人的觀點引導出決策者在真實情境內的決策準則，再合併成決策樹，第二階段是以量性研究為主，進行決策樹預測之準確性分析，此方法既可捕捉強調決策過程的意義，又兼具預測力。本文主要目的乃在簡略地介紹民族誌決策樹模式，供作探討病人決策過程的參考。

With rapid advances in healthcare technology, patients are increasingly compelled to make medical decisions in unfamiliar and highly stressful situations. Nurses, therefore, have a responsibility to understand the medical options, and consequences of each, in order to help patients make the best decisions for themselves. Ethnographic decision tree modeling is a research ”triangulation” tool conducted in two stages. The first stage uses ethnographic fieldwork techniques to determine the criteria used by insiders (i.e., decision makers) to make a real-world decision. These criteria are combined into a decision tree. The second stage applies a quantitative research method to verify the degree of predictive accuracy of the decision tree. This method addresses the meaning and predictability of decision-making. This paper introduces ethnographic decision tree modeling and provides a perspective on inquiring about the bases of patient decision-making.