門診精神分裂症患者生活事件之自我效能探討

Exploring the Life Events Self-Efficacy of Schizophrenic Outpatients

本研究主要是探討門診精神分裂症患者生活事件之自我效能，及其與個人因素、疾病因素、生活壓力事件之相關。訪談135位個案以完成個人基本資料、精神症狀評估量表、生活壓力事件量表及自我效能量表。研究結果發現門診精神分裂症患者：（1）生活事件自我效能標準化得分69.41分，以「社交技巧」的自我效能得分較低。（2）有宗教信仰者其自我效能較高。（3）生活壓力事件壓力感受愈大，其生活事件自我效能愈差。（4）精神症狀愈嚴重者，生活事件自我效能愈差。（5）負性症狀、活性症狀、生活壓力事件及宗教信仰可以解釋生活事件自我效能之總變異量達 45.7％，其中以負性症狀之預測力最佳，可以解釋35.4％變異量。根據研究結果，建議護理人員將「自我效能」此概念運用於照顧患者，並能進一步設計發展有效之治療方案，以提升其面對生活事件之自我效能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the life events self-efficacy of schizophrenic outpatients and the relationships between personal demographic data, psychotic symptoms, stressful life events and self-efficacy. 135 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia were assessed with personal demographic data, a psychotic symptoms scale, a stressful life events scale and a self-efficacy scale. We found a standardized score for life events self-efficacy of 69.41; the lowest score was for social skills self-efficacy. Patients who believed in religion showed higher life events self-efficacy. Life events self-efficacy was inversely related to stress of life events and to psychotic symptoms. The predictors of self-efficacy were negative symptoms, stress of life events, positive symptoms, and religion, which together accounted for 45.7% of variance. Among these predictors, negative symptoms were the strongest predictors, and accounted for 35.4% of variance. Based on these findings, we suggest that nursing personnel should utilize the concept of self-efficacy in caring for schizophrenic patients and develop more effective therapy designed to promote life events self-efficacy.