民國時期廣州市正一派火居道士營業道館分布的空間分析－－廟宇、人口與道教儀式

A Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Popular Zhengyi Daoist Halls in Early Republican Guangzhou: Temples, Population and Daoist Ritual

民國18年（1929）「廣州市卜筮星相巫覡堪輿調查表」保存了在廣州市大街小巷隨處可見的正一派道館林立的情況。本文從正一派道館空間分布的角度，考察民國時期廣州市正一派道館在這古老城市的空間分布，與它們經營的儀式行業存在什麼關係。本文的研究還涉及以下的問題，例如到底傳統正一派火居道士的儀式行業與廣州市民的生活和居住地區有什麼關係？並且，從廣州市在民國時期的行政地區劃分以及人口發展和變化的角度來說，廣州市正一喃巫道館的營業分布狀況及由其提供的不同種類的儀式服務，又如何與這些環境因素產生一定的相立影響關係？由於正一派喃巫道館經營的道教儀式行業，又多與地方廟宇的神祠活動有密切聯繫，本文的另一研究重點是嘗試分析廣州市正一喃巫道館的營業分布，與在市內各區的眾多傳統廟宇之間存在著怎樣的空間關係。

The findings of an official ＂Survey of the Occupations of Divination, Astrology, Physiognomy and Palmistry, Sorcery and Geomancy in Guangzhou＂ 廣州市卜筮星相巫覡堪輿調查表carried out in 1929 by the Nationalist government found that there were more than 274 Nahm-mouh Daoist halls 喃巫道館in the Zhengyi 正一 tradition in the city at that time. This paper aims to produce a spatial analysis of the distribution of these Nahm-mouh Daoist halls and investigate how this influenced the ritual services they offered city residents. In particular, this paper studies the relationship between the Zhengyi ritual services provided by Nahm-mouh Daoist halls and population distribution as well as residential location. Finally, a close relationship between the Zhengyi Daoist ritual services provided by these halls and religious activities in popular local temples was well established in traditional China. This paper will therefore also analyze the spatial relationship between Nahm-mouh Daoist hall s and popular temples in early Republican Guangzhou.